Category Archives: Pharmacogenetics

Foods and Medications to Avoid with MAOIs

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Some specific pharmaceutical drugs that should not be combined with MAOIs (some are mild risks, others serious):

– Actifed
– Adderall
– Alaproclate
– Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin)
– Amantadine hydrochloride (Symmetrel)
– Amiflamine
– Amineptine
– Amitriptaline
– Amoxapine (Asendin)
– Atomoxedine
– Bazinaprine
– Befloxetone’
– Befol
– Benadryl
– Benmoxinb (Nerusil, Neuralex)
– Benylin
– Benzedrine
– Benzphetamine (Didrex)
– Bicifadine
– Brasofensine
– Brofaromine (Consonar)
– Buprenorphine
– Bupropion (Wellbutrin)
– Buspirone (BuSpar)
– Butriptyline
– Carbamazepine (Tegretol, Epitol)
– Chlorpheniramine
– Chlor-Trimeton
– Cimoxetone
– Citalopram (Celexa)
– Clomipramine (Anafranil)
– Clorgyline
– Codeine
– Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)
– Cyclizine (Marezine)
– D-deprenyl
– Dapoxotine
– Desipramine (Pertofrane, Norpramin)
– Desvenlafaxine
– Dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine)
– Dextromethorphan (DXM)
– Dibenzepin
– Dienolide kavapyrone desmethoxyyangonin
– Diethylpropion
– Disopyramide (Norpace)
– Disulfiram (Antabuse)
– Dobutamine
– Dopamine (Intropin)
– Dosulepin
– Doxepin (Sinequan)
– Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
– Emsam
– Entacapone
– Ephedrine
– Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
– Escitalopram (Lexapro)
– Esuprone
– Etorphine
– Femoxitine
– Fenfluramine (Pondimin)
– Flavoxate Hydrochloride (Urispas)
– Fluoxetine (Prozac)
– Fluvoxamine
– Furazolidone (Furoxone)
– Gabapentin
– Guanethedine
– Guanadrel (Hylorel)
– Guanethidine (Ismelin)
– Hydralazine (Apresoline)
– Hydrazine
– 5-Hydroxytryptophan
– Imipramine (Tofranil)
– Iprindole
– Iproniazid (Marsilid, Iprozid, Ipronid, Rivivol, Propilniazida)
– Iproclozide (Sursum)
– Isocarboxazid (Marplan)
– Isoniazid (Laniazid, Nydrazid)
– Isoniazid rifampin (Rifamate, Rimactane)
– Isoproterenol (Isuprel)
– L-dopa (Sinemet)
– Ladostigil
– Lazabemide (Pakio, Tempium)
– Levodopa (Dopar, Larodopa)
– Linezolid (Zyvox, Zyvoxid)
– Lithium (Eskalith)
– Lofepramine
– Loratadine (Claritin)
– Maprotiline (Ludiomil)
– Mebanazine (Actomol)
– Medifoxamine
– Melitracen
– Meperidine (Demerol)
– Metaproterenol (Alupent, Metaprel)
– Metaraminol (Aramine)
– Metfendrazine (Inkazan)
– Methamphetamine (Desoxyn)
– Methyldopa (Aidomet)
– Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
– Metralindole
– Mianserin
– Milacimide
– Milnacipran
– Minaprine (Cantor)
– Mirtazapine (Remeron)
– Mofegeline
– Moclobemide (Aurorix, Manerix)
– Monomethylhydrazine
– Montelukast (Singulair)
– Nalbufrine
– Naloxone
– Naltrexone
– Nefazodone
– Nialamide (Niamid)
– Nisoxetine
– Nomifensine
– Norepinephrine (Levophed)
– Nortriptyline (Aventyl)
– Octamoxin (Ximaol, Nimaol)
– Oxybutynin chloride (Ditropan)
– Oxycodone
– Oxymetazoline (Afrin, Dimetapp)
– Oxymorphone
– Orphenadrine (Norflex)
– Pargyline (Eutonyl)
– Parnate
– Paroxetine (Paxil)
– Pemoline (Cylert)
– Percocet
– Pethedine (Demerol)
– Phendimetrazine (Plegiline)
– Phenelzine (Nardil)
– Phenergen
– Phenelzine (Nardil, Nardelzine)
– Pheniprazine (Catron)
– Phenmetrazine
– Phenoxypropazine (Drazine)
– Phentermine
– Phenylephrine (Dimetane, Dristan decongestant, Neo-Synephrine)
– Phenylhydrazine
– Phenylpropanolamine (found in many cold medicines)
– Phenelzine (Nardil)
– Pirlindole (Pirazidol)
– Procarbazine (Matulane)
– Procainamide (Pronestyl)
– Protriptyline (Vivactil)
– Pseudoephedrine
– Oxymetazoline (Afrin)
– Quinidine (Quinidex)
– Rasagiline (Azilect)
– Reboxetine
– Reserpine (Serpasil)
– Risperidone
– Salbutemol
– Salmeterol
– Selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar)
– Sercloramine
– Sertraline (Zoloft)
– Sibutramine
– Sumatriptan (Imitrex)
– Terfenadine (Seldane-D)
– Tegretol
– Temaril
– Tesofensine
– Tetrindole
– Theophylline (Theo-Dur)
– Thesbutiaint
– Thioridazine (Mellaril)
– Tianeptine
– Tolcapone
– Toloxatone (Humoryl)
– Tramadol
– Tranylcypromine (Parnate)
– Trazodone
– Tricyclic antidepressants (Amitriptyline, Elavil)
– Trimipramine (Surmontil)
– Triptans
– Tyrima
– Vanoxerine
– Venlafaxine (Effexor)
– Viloxezine
– Yohimbine
– Zimelidine
– Ziprasidone (Geodon)

READ MORE…

The Causes Mental Illness: A 61 Year History of Pharmacogenetics suppressed by Pharma

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Avram Goldstein: The Founder of Molecular Pharmacology
http://molpharm.aspetjournals.org/content/83/4/720

Summary:

As the Chair of the Department of Pharmacology with responsibility for training medical students in the use of drugs, he was fascinated by the kinetics of drug action. He and his wife Dody developed the plateau principle, which emerged from the recognition that the time to steady state for any drug administered continuously or repeatedly was dependent only on its rate of elimination. These developments drove his increasing desire to see the discipline of pharmacology, both in research and in medical and graduate education, as a science with a strong mechanistic and theoretical underpinning.

Avram was present in Moscow in 1961 when Marshall Nirenberg described his elucidation of the genetic code. With these seminal developments, Avram concluded that the time was ripe for the establishment of a journal devoted to mechanistic aspects of drug action at a molecular level.

Avram was able to persuade ASPET to publish the new journal, which would be called Molecular Pharmacology. “Suitable papers are those which describe applications of the methods of biochemistry, biophysics, genetics and molecular biology to pharmacologic or toxicologic problems…”

Avram, together with his Stanford faculty colleagues Lew Aronow and Sumner Kalman, were working on Principles of Drug Action (Goldstein et al., 1968), a pharmacology textbook that was new for its time in focusing only on basic principles underlying drug action and the longer-term responses of the body to the presence of drugs.

DRUG METABOLISM RESEARCH HAS A 61 YEAR HISTORY

VLA Comment: The field of Pharmacogenomics, Pharmacogenetics, Pharmacogenomics has a 61 YEAR HISTORY  well accepted research concerning drug metabolism.  Education in this field of research has been actively suppressed by Pharma. Anonymous sources in the field of education for medical students tells us that this information is actively suppressed as the pharmacuetical industry would loose billions and billions of dollars if the public knew.  Moreso  medical students and hospital psychiatrists and doctors in general from Pediatricians ot Oconologists  have virtually no knowledge or education of drug metabolism, yet they all provide prescriptions that are contraindicated, causing Medication (drug) induced psychosis.   90% of drugs need an active and mature liver system of Cytochrome P450 enzymes to metabolize and eliminate them from an individual’s body. A substantial percentage of Caucasians, Asians, Blacks have no activity to metabolize these modern drugs.  The results – increased (apparent) psychosis.

INCREASE IN PSYCHOSIS DIAGNOSES

The increase in psychosis diagnosis is actually the agressive poisoning of humanity by uneducated doctors from the cradle to the grave.  The increase in (apparent) mental illness and special needs is due to the inability of many individuals to eliminate, from the body, modern drugs (and streets drugs) such as SSRIs vaccine excipients.

VACCINES, THE BASIS OF MENTAL ILLNESS DIAGNOSES

Vaccines contain excipients that need a mature superfamily of Cytochrome P450 in order to be metabolize and successfully eliminated from the body of infants and children. The damage done to the physiology of a one hour old infant, injected with Aluminum (which interferes in Cyp 450 metabolism in the Hep B and Vitamin K shots),  and other vaccine excipients testifies to the basic underpinnings of the epidemic in Autism, ADHD, ADD, OCD, BiPolar,neurological, mitachondrial issues, depression, anxiety, panic attacks.   The misdiagnosis of mental illness by uneducated medical professionals who extensively prescribe psychiatric drugs and the push to vaccinate, to eliminate parental choice, to eliminate vaccine waivers appears to be an organized effort to debilite the entire emerging generations of humanity through the suppression of this Pharmacogenomic knowedge.  Note: There is no mandated continuing education in drug metabolism for practicing physicans; virtually no education for medical students; yet the prescrbing of medications and the push for vaccine compliance, school shootings, homicides and suicides, special needs education, is at an all time high.

CCHR Newsletter: Overview and layman understanding of Cyp 450, Pharmacogenetics, vaccines, psyche drugs,homicide, suicide.

Below, the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics chronicled the discoveries and provided communications to advance the science of drug metabolism.

The Development of Drug Metabolism Research as Expressed in the Publications of ASPET: Part 2, 1959–1983
Patrick J. Murphy College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana Received February 18, 2008; accepted February 27, 2008

ABSTRACT (2008):
In 25 years, (now 35 years) drug metabolism research went from using subcellular
particles of undefined content to an understanding of metabolism
at the molecular level. The discoveries of cytochrome P450, en-
zyme induction, reactive intermediates, and genetic polymor-
phisms were milestones in the field. New publications from the
American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeu-
tics chronicled the discoveries and provided communications to
advance the science of drug metabolism.

THE DISCOVERY OF CYTOCHROME P450 (1957)
The discovery of P450 and its function evolved from observations by Ryan and Engel that C-21 hydroxylations of progesterone and hydroxylated progesterones were catalyzed by a CO inhibitable en-zyme in the adrenal cortex (Ryan and Engel, 1957). They character-ized the reaction as belonging to the class of enzymes categorized by
Mason as “mixed-function oxidases” (Mason, 1957) and by Hayaishias “oxygenases” (Hayaishi, 1962).

THE ROLE OF GLUTATHIONE (depleted in AUTISM?)

The role of glutathione as a precursor of mercapturic acids was confirmed in 1959 (Bray et al., 1959a,b), 80 years after the discovery of these important elimination products by Baumann and Preuss (1879). In the following 25 years, there were over 150 papers in the ASPET journals referring to aspects of glutathione in metabolism. The role of glutathione as a scavenger of reactive intermediates was ofprimary interest, as exemplified by the finding of the glutathione conjugate of acetaminophen by Hinson et al. (1982) or the formation of mercapturic acids from cyclohexene epoxide in the rat (van Bla-deren et al., 1981).

MAYO CLINIC: Anti-depressant and Pregnancy – and current protocol of Shock treatments

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According to Mayo Clinic “generally, these antidepressants are an option during pregnancy:”

VLA comment: The list below are the recommended options that however come with risks.  What is not listed are the rest of the pharma madness drugs given to women approaching child bearing age and therefore compelled to continue the regimen during pregancy.  Other drugs are not listed because they are so risky for birth defects that they are not even considered.  However, how many young women have been prescribed these medication since teenagers?

  • Certain selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). SSRIs are generally considered an option during pregnancy, including citalopram (Celexa), fluoxetine (Prozac) and sertraline (Zoloft). Potential complications include an increased risk of heavy bleeding after giving birth (postpartum hemorrhage), premature birth and low birth weight. Most studies show that SSRIs aren’t associated with birth defects. However, paroxetine (Paxil) appears to be associated with a small increased risk of a fetal heart defect.
  • Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). SNRIs also are considered an option during pregnancy, including duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor XR). However, research suggests that taking SNRIs at the end of pregnancy is associated with postpartum hemorrhage.
  • Bupropion (Wellbutrin). This medication is used for both depression and smoking cessation. Although bupropion isn’t generally considered a first line treatment for depression during pregnancy, it might be an option for women who haven’t responded to other medications. Research suggests taking bupropion during pregnancy might be associated with heart defects.
  • Tricyclic antidepressants. This class of medications includes nortriptyline (Pamelor). Although tricyclic antidepressants aren’t generally considered a first line or second line treatment, they might be an option for women who haven’t responded to other medications. The tricyclic antidepressant clomipramine might be associated with fetal birth defects, including heart defects. Use of these medications during the second or third trimester might also be linked with postpartum hemorrhage.     READMore

SHOCK TREATMENTS

Electroshock is also known by the euphemism electroconvulsive therapy or ECT. Many electroshock patients receive the treatment against their will. Psychiatrists also claim that electroshock is safe during pregnancy and give the treatment to pregnant women.

Pregnancy and Electroconvulsive Therapy: A Multidisciplinary Approach  

STUDY: SHOCK TREATMENTS PREGNANCY 786178

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4877273/
by SL Ray-Griffith – ‎2016 – ‎Cited by 7 – ‎Related articles

Electroconvulsive therapy is a safe and effective treatment during pregnancy and of particular benefit in the acute treatment of suicidal ideation.

VLA COMMENT: Suicidal ideations are a result of anti depressants and other drugs not being metabolized properly.  These drugs need Cytochrome P450 to metabolize.  If the patient does not have the activity of this family of liver enzymes and are prescribed drugs that are contra-indicated, as per the package inserts, adverse reactions such as “compelling” suicideal ideations (and heinous ideations of homicide) are likely to occur.

As the statement above refers to “acute treatment of suicidal ideation” it signals that the pregnant patient may be on medication that cannot be metabolized by his/her system of liver enzymes. Hence…the apparent solution to pregnant women who have been on anti depressants and psyche drugs for years and must continue during pregancy, is to top it all off with SHOCK TREATMENTS.  This allows the women to remain on psyche drug medication during her pregnancy.  However as noted in our posting Glyphosate, Drugs and Vaccines....the Cytochrome P450 metabolism is also found in the placenta.

Washington University in St. Louis Shocks Pregnant Women

According to the Citizen’s Commission on Human Rights (CCHR), Approximately 150,000 people get ECT every year in the US, with 2,000 shock treatments being done every year by WUSTL psychiatrists at Barnes-Jewish Hospital. Complications after treatment usually increase with the age of the patient; small surprise there. WUSTL psychiatrists say that, “ECT is considered a safe treatment modality in pregnant women in whom a number of medications may be associated with risk to the fetus.” READ MORE…

Article: ELECTRO SHOCK THERAPY WHILE PREGNANT

 

 

Glyphosate , Psyche Drug and Vaccines: THE CONNECTION

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CCHR Newsletter: Overview of Cyp 450, Pharmacogenetics, Psyche Drugs, vaccines.

AGRICULTURE

Read Study glyphosate_rats_CYP_enzyme_suppression_2006

Syngenta Patent shows that the Genetic Engineering of our nations food supply is based on Cytochrome P450 technology whereby the genetically engineered seed is manipulated to be an ultra rapidmetabolizer while the “weeds” who are normal metabolizer dies in the presence of Glysophate.  Cytochrome P450 Gene Conferring herbicide resistance PATENT

MENTAL ILLNESS DIAGNOSIS –

PHARMA DRUGS, STREET DRUGS & MEDICATION AND METABOLIZING OPIOIDS

Plants and humans share the same detox mechanism involving Cytochrome P450.  In humans Cytocrome P450

90% of today’s modern drugs are metabolized by Cytochrome P450.

CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 enzymes metabolize 90 percent of drugs. these enzymes are predominantly expressed in the liver, but they also occur in the small intestine (reducing drug bioavailability), lungs, placenta, and kidneys.2

One out of every 15 white or black persons may have an exaggerated response to standard doses of beta blockers (e.g., metoprolol [Lopressor]), or no response to the analgesic tramadol (Ultram). This is because drug metabolism via CYP450 enzymes exhibits genetic variability (polymorphism) that influences a patient’s response to a particular drug.3

Every person inherits one genetic allele from each parent. Alleles are referred to as “wild type” or “variant,” with wild type occurring most commonly in the general population.

For example, 7 percent of white persons and 2 to 7 percent of black persons are poor metabolizers of drugs dependent on CYP2D6, which metabolizes many beta blockers, antidepressants, and opioids.7,8 One in five Asian persons is a poor metabolizer of drugs dependent on CYP2C19, which metabolizes phenytoin (Dilantin), phenobarbital, omeprazole (Prilosec), and other drugs.9 

The Effect of Cytochrome P450
Metabolism on Drug Response,
Interactions, and Adverse Effects READ STUDYCyp Study

VACCINES

Studies: Cytochrome P450 and failure of infants to metabolize vaccine excipients READ more…

Early Childhood Vaccines contain excipients that need Cytochrome P450 to metabolize.

VLA Comment: Cytochrome P450 is not mature in infants and children under the age of three years old yet we are giving vaccines with excipients that must be detoxed out of the body by Cytochrome P450 family of liver enzymes which infants do not have. These enzymes are predominantly expressed in the liver, but they also occur in the small intestine (reducing drug bioavailability), lungs, placenta, and kidneys.2 

Note in cases of Autism and vaccinating pregnant women:

Cyp 450 are found in the “Small intestines and placenta”

READ more…

THE CAUSE of the epidemic of “apparent” mental illness: BIG PHARMA SECRET

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Psychiatric Drugs, School Violence, and Big Pharma Cover-Up   by the Citizen’s Commission on Human Rights (CCHR)

DOWNLOAD PDFCCHR Newsletter-Psychiatric Drugs, School Violence, and Big Pharma Cover-Up

 VLA Comment: The powerful activist organization Citizen’s Commission on Human Rights  (CCHR), considered the most successful worldwide organization holding the reins for decades on the misuse of psychiatric drugs, appear to be having a mind melt with our powerful Vaccine Movement.  

Our Vaccine movement has also been concerned with, and focused on, the rampant misdiagnosis of mental illness foisted on  on our infants,  children and youths not only by psychiatrists but all doctors, such as pediatricians and family physians,   The resultant issuing of psyche drugs and other medications to mitigate what is, in actuality, a physiological assault of 49 vaccine doses by the age of six has been disastrous to our culture.  It is causing the disabling of the entire emerging generations of humanity.  All Drugs (prescription,  vaccine excipient, street drugs) need a mature Cytochrome P450 superfamily of liver enzymes to metabolize. This information has been known by pharmacuetical manufacturers for over 20 years.  This field is called PHARMACOGENOMICS, PHARMACOGENETICS, PHARMACOKINETICS.

It is becoming evident from the research in this field,  that the early poisoning of generations of children with vaccines containing mercury, aluminum and other vaccine excipients such as formaldehyde, ethanol, polysorbate 80 (never mind dog kidney cells, fetal tissue, contaminants, bovine serum, etc) is physiologically damaging every vaccinated child,  leading to a heirarchal range of neurological damage, depression, aggression, etc.  In an effort to mitigate generations of depressed and ill-functioning humans, the further use of psychiatric drugs is causing medication induced psychosis (DSM-5), suicidal and homicidal ideations.

The assault of vaccines; the practice of misdiagnosing generations of children as mentally ill; the prescribing of antidepressants and psyche drugs to those who do not have the cytochrome enzymes (by demographic genetics) resulting in this modern day rash of suicides, homicides, depression;  labeling such as ADD, ADHD, OCD, special needs education, has resulted in a health crisis from cradle to grave and an epidemic of school shootings by young males.

See www.SSRIStories.net   – Wake up call – read snapshots of Thousands and Thousands of personal stories of suicide and homicide of children as young as 7 years old on psychotropic drugs hanging themselves by their belt in their closet. One must remember that the suicidal and homicidal ideations are HEINOUS and compelling, unlike decisions to commit suicide by considerable reasoning.

Cyp 450 superfamilies in infants and children.

STUDY DOWNLOAD

Synopsis:  Infants do not have a mature liver or liver enzyme function such as Cytochrome P450 and its various metabolites until the age of three years old. Hence upwards of 36 vaccine doses by 18 months old containing the above excipients are poisoning the world’s emerging humanity.:

Study #2:  Immaturity of Cyp 450 in Neonate boys (book)

Our mutual focus is on PHARMACOGENETICS and the failed ability to metabolize drugs and vaccine excipients.   I am so pleased and heartened, at last, to see that CCHR and our the incredibly potent Vaccine Movement are finally on the same page.

WHAT NEXT?

Our mutual mission would be well served if CCHR and our vaccine leaders, researchers, MDs, PhDs, etc. unite regarding the evidence presented by  Pharmacogenomics.  Media has pointed out the all these mass shooters are mentally ill and are on medication. What they are not aware of is that for example, 10% of Caucasians do not have the enzyme to metabolize the medications and have  “medication induced  psychosis and “heinous” ideation.

Taking a quantum leap together at this critical time in history where Donald Trump has articulated his concern about Opioids and Vaccines,  I suggest that we soon create a joint conference with CCHR and the Vaccine leaders and have conversation with experts in the field of pharmacogenetics with the goal of increasing exponentially, in harmony , our mutual momentum.

It is to be noted that several large organizations are now being vocal on the issue of Pharmacogenetics and individualized medicine such as the Mayo Clinic, St. Jude’s Hospital for Children, University of Chicago, etc. Mayo Clinic will be having a conference on Pharmacogenetics Sept. 11, 2018 in Minnesota.  I suggest many of us attend.

The easy test for your individual metabolism is available at Genesight, Genelex, etc. or at Healthscope in Australia for $250.00  The cytochrome P450 you need to look at is:

CYP 450 2D6, 2C9 and 2C19, 3A4

Or feel free to contact me at NCOWmail@gmail.com

 

Donald Trump on Vaccines: https://youtu.be/iP3nK0AdSHY

 

​

 

Toddlers on psychiatric drugs

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All Psychiatric       0-5 Years               622,723
Drugs

Breakdown:
0-1 Years                125,361
2-3 Years                202,319
4-5 Years                306,079

6-12 Years             3,259,955
13-17 Years           3,419,633

Grand Total           0-17 Years               7,213,599 kids on psychiatric drugs

ADHD Drugs          0-5 Years                80,235

Breakdown:
0-1 Years                328
2-3 Years                1,919
4-5 Years                77,396

6-12 Years             2,119,343
13-17 Years           1,524,381

Grand Total           0-17 Years               3,655,472 kids on ADHD Drugs

Antidepressants  0-5 Years                 38,534

Breakdown:
0-1 Years               6,687
2-3 Years               10,957
4-5 Years               21,299

6-12 Years            574,090
13-17 Years          1,503,185

Grand Total          0-17 Years               2,100,315 kids on antidepressants

Antipsychotics     0-5 Years                 85,143

Breakdown:
0-1 Years                3,913
2-3 Years                27,001
4-5 Years                53,750

6-12 Years             467,500
13-17 Years           646,215

Grand Total           0-17 Years               1,194,805 kids on antipsychotics

Anti-anxiety           0-5 Years                   389,558

Breakdown:
0-1 Years                  102,960
2-3 Years                  148,894
4-5 Years                  143,692

6-12 Years               484,612
3-17 Years               577,259

Grand Total             0-17 Years               1,445,509 kids on anti-anxiety drugs

VLA COMMENT:  This was published in 2013.  Prescription drug use as increased since then.

Why are toddlers, children and adolescents getting prescribed these heavy drugs?

Because they are getting 49 vaccine doses with vaccine excipents that cannot be metabolized, causing poisoning and damage to their neurology, immune system, depression, suicide as young as seven years old…hanging from a belt in his closet or dangling from the canopy.  See: www.SSRISTORIES.NET 

Learn more about the mechanics: PHARMACOGENOMICS/SUICIDES, HOMICIDES AND SCHOOL VIOLENCE. 

Pediatric study

JAMA STUDY: Depression: An Adverse Effect of Prescription Medication

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IMPORTANCE: Prescription medications are increasingly used among adults in the United
States and many have a potential for causing depression.
OBJECTIVES: To characterize use of prescription medications with depression as a potential
adverse effect and to assess associations between their use and concurrent depression.

Prescription medications are widely and increasingly
used in the United States, with approximately 15% of
adults estimated to have been using 5 or more concurrent
prescription medications in 2011 and 2012.1 Alongside evidence
that adverse drug events from prescription medications
are often implicated in emergency department visits and
hospitalizations,2 there is gaining recognition thatmany commonlyused
prescriptionmedications, includinghormonalcontraceptives
and β-blockers, are associated with an increased
risk of depression.

CONCLUSION: In this cross-sectional survey study, use of prescription
medications that have depression as a potential adverse effect was common. Use of multiple
medications was associated with greater likelihood of concurrent depression.

Read study:  JAMA_drugs_linked_to_depression(1)

The real cause is found in PHARMACOGENOMICS and drug metabolism

Must read:  Pharmacogentics, Suicide, Homicide and school violence

List of sucides and homicides on psychiatric drugs: www.SSRIStories.net

Pediatric Study: Pharmacogenomics – Adverse Reaction in Children

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Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme Genotypes
and Aggressive Behavior Treatment Response
in Hospitalized Pediatric Psychiatric Patients

TracyGlauser Pharma study

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the association between the CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genotypepredicted combined phenotypes and short-term measures of psychotropic efficacy and toxicity.
Methods: A rater-blinded, retrospective genotype association design examined a cohort of hospitalized pediatric psychiatric patients genotyped for CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 as part of clinical care. These combined genotypes were used to predict a combined phenotype. The primary efficacy outcome measure was the behavior intervention score (BIS), a function of the number of recorded timeouts=seclusions, therapeutic holds, and physical restraints.

Patient response to commonly used psychotropic medications demonstrates significant variability; only 30–75% of patients experience efficacy, whereas 65–75% encounter ad-
verse events (Kirchheiner et al. 2004; Emslie et al. 2006; Kratochvil et al. 2006; Hetrick et al. 2007). Many psychotropic medications are metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) en-
zymes coded for by the polymorphic genes CYP2D6(þ124030) and CYP2C19 (*124020).
The relationships between the distinct CYP2D6 or CYP2C19 genotypes and the pharmacokinetics of psychotropic medications are the basis for genotype-based dosing recommendations for some medications (Kirchheiner et al. 2001).Despite the prevalence of the problem, the contribution of drug-metabolizing enzyme genotypes to the variability in aggressive behavior treatment response in hospitalized pediatric psychiatric patients is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genotype-predicted metabolizing phenotypes and short-term measures of drug efficacy (incidence of behavioral interventions for aggressive behavior) and toxicity (adverse drug reaction)

Drug tolerability was defined as the total number of recorded adverse drug reactions.

 

Conclusion
Identifying factors underlying the variability in drug efficacy
or tolerability is a key component for optimizing the patient’s
response to therapy. This is the first study to demonstrate that,
for children hospitalized for psychiatric conditions,
CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genetic variation contributes to psychotropic…
Consideration of a patient’s genotype at the onset of a psychiatric hospitalization could play a significant role in personalizing and improving subsequent therapy.
Prospective longitudinal studies are necessary to better inform
how to optimally incorporate this genetic information into the
medical management of patients with aggression. In summary,
this study indicates that CYP2D6 and CYP2C19genotypes are
 important in the clinical care of children with psychiatric diagnoses requiring medications that are metabolized throughthese two enzyme pathways.

Find out about pharmacogenomic: Cytochrome P450, homicide, suicide and school violence

Pharmacogentics, Suicide, Homicide and school violence

INFANT VACCINES/Cytochrome P450 and failure of infants to metabolize vaccine excipients  READ

Accounts of thousand of Suicides and Homicides: www.SSRIStories.net

Pharmacogenetics/Cytochrome P450/Suicides & Homicides/school violence

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Brandon Turbervile comprehensive article:  Psychiatric Drugs, School Violence, and the Big Pharma Cover-up

Excerpts:

the CYP450 enzymes are the primary catalysts for detoxification reactions that render water-insoluble molecules sufficiently water soluble to be excreted in the urine. . . . Drugs, hormones, toxins, carcinogens, mutagens, environmental pollutants, and other xenobiotics are metabolized by CYP450 enzymes.

Of the CYP450 enzyme family, there are other more specific enzymes such as CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6, etc. These three enzymes specifically are responsible for approximately 40% of all CYP450-mediated drug metabolism. The CYP2D6 enzyme itself is responsible for the bulk of drug metabolism at around 20% to 30% of drug metabolism in the CYP450 family.

In relation to the CYP2D6 enzyme, there are four classifications – Extensive Metabolizers (EM), Poor Metabolizers (PM), Intermediate Metabolizers (IM), and Ultrarapid Metabolizers (UM).
EM (Extensive Metabolizers) are considered the “normal genotype,” “which is free of inactivating polymorphisms, deletions, or duplications.”  PM (Poor Metabolizers) are individuals who have “deficient” enzyme function in terms of CYP450 metabolic processes and, subsequently, have difficulty clearing certain medications. IM (Intermediate Metabolizers) are those who have some functioning CYP450 enzymes but are subject to loss of the function of these enzymes after the “second hit” of medication, thus turning them into PM. UM (Ultrarapid Metabolizers) are those who metabolize the drug so rapidly that it clears so quickly that there is little or none of the desired effect.  In medications that required metabolism to activate, however, UM individuals the metabolite may be produced too quickly, resulting in toxicity and the realization of side effects.
While there are potentially adverse health effects with any one of the four classifications, the focus of this article is on those who are generally PM (Poor Metabolizers). This is because these individuals have a higher chance of experiencing adverse health effects of pharmaceuticals than those with “normal” functioning EMCYP2D6 enzymes.
Synopsis:  Infants do not have a mature liver or liver enzyme function such as Cytochrome P450 and its various metabolites until the age of three years old. Hence upwards of 36 vaccine doses by 18 months old containing the above excipients are poisoning the world’s emerging humanity.
SPECIAL PHARMACOKINETICS AND PHARMACODYNAMIC CONSIDERATION IN CHILDREN

Mayo Clinic Conference on Pharmackinetics Sept. 2018

Journal publication: Human Exposure to Aluminum (Exley)

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Environmental Science Processes & Impacts

Human Exposure to Aluminium Exley

 

Pharmacogenomics: Suppressive effect of accumulated aluminum trichloride on the hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 enzyme system in rats.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23059508